PCB Design

Through-hole vs SMD: how they differ in size, cost, strength, and assembly, when to use each, how to mix both on one board, and a practical decision guide for connectors, passives, LEDs, and high-vibration applications.

PCB Design

Annular Ring in PCB Design: What It Is and Why It Breaks

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What an annular ring is, how to calculate its width, the IPC minimums by class, why rings fail through tangency and breakout, and a pre-Gerber CAD checklist to keep yours safe.

PCB Design

Through-Hole vs SMD: Which to Use and Why

Annular Ring in PCB Design: What It Is and Why It Breaks